The issue of sustainability at the global level is a concept that does not appear in the classical utopian literature, even though the idea of living happily in perpetuity is very much the tenet of many classical utopian societies. Arguments for redistributive measures such as a universal basic income and taxes on land and wealth put forward by the author go beyond promoting equal opportunity and emphasize the necessity of economic means to make the best out of the opportunities (164, 180, 200). 2 The Doughnut, however, leans heavily toward democratic socialism. This ideal of individuals' rights to choose their life and to realise their ends is the centerpiece of libertarians' ideal society. 1 The distributive Doughnut community aims to enable individuals to be, in Amartya Sen's words, 'healthy, empowered and creative-so that they can choose to be and do things in life that they value' (43). The emphasis on the fair distribution of income, wealth, and means of production is an ideal pursued by famous utopians, from perfectly equal distribution of everything in Thomas More's Utopia to very libertarian position of 'whatever he has justly made he has a right to keep' by H. According to the author, a distributive economy is 'one whose dynamics tend to disperse and circulate value as it is created, rather than concentrating it in ever-fewer hands.' A regenerative economy is 'one in which people become full participants in regenerating Earth's life-giving cycles so that we thrive within planetary boundaries' (156). The author presents a vision of a pragmatic utopia, represented by the inside of her Doughnut that is both distributive and regenerative. Question: Is this a book about utopia? Answer: Yes, indeed it is a book about a twenty-first-century utopia represented by the Doughnut.

Doughnut model economics